The connection between causality and responsibility proposed by Michael Moore in his 2009/2010 publication has had a vivid echo among scholars of legal theory. Notably members of the Anglo-American academia reacted with discussing related aspects. The course first introduces different notions of causation/causality and responsibility, explaining the concept of enlightenment (responsibility as the moral obligation of a reasonable person) and its connection with 19th century natural science (causation as a mono-linear reason for an exactly determinable change) and more modern forms of reformulating these principles. After clearing these assumptions, the course proceeds to explain the inter-relatedness of these notions, as discussed by various authors (Alexander, Bratman, Brink, Gardner, Moore, Sartorio, Schaffer, Yaffe) in ‘Legal Theory’. As a third step, we will discuss insufficiencies of current theories, becoming obvious when scrutinizing multi-causal settings on a single level of causation and on different causation levels, probability calculations as reason for legal interventions, responsibility without causation, and causation without responsibility etc. These discussions will show how the concept of causation/causality and responsibility is in need of further theoretical development.